| Type | Material | Temperature Range | Features | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT100 | Platinum (Pt) | -200°C to +850°C | • International standard • High accuracy (±0.1~0.5°C) • Excellent linearity |
Industrial process control, lab metrology |
| PT1000 | Platinum (Pt) | -200°C to +850°C | • Higher resistance (1000Ω@0°C) • Better for long-distance transmission (reduces wire resistance effects) |
Medical devices, remote monitoring |
| Cu50 | Copper (Cu) | -50°C to +150°C | • Low cost • Good linearity • Limited to low-temperature environments |
HVAC systems, motor winding temp monitoring |
| Ni1000 | Nickel (Ni) | -60°C to +250°C | • High sensitivity (large ΔR/ΔT) • Lower cost than platinum RTDs |
Automotive electronics, consumer products |
| Type | Construction | Response Time | Mechanical Strength |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thin Film | Platinum film on ceramic substrate | Fast (0.5~5 sec) | Low (vibration-sensitive) |
| Wire-Wound | Platinum wire on glass/ceramic core | Slow (3~30 sec) | High (shock-resistant) |
| Sheathed | Metal-cased | Medium (5~15 sec) | Extremely high (pressure/corrosion-resistant) |
| Type | Principle | Accuracy Impact | Use Cases |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-Wire | Simple but affected by lead resistance | ±2~5°C error | Low-cost, short-distance measurements |
| 3-Wire | Compensates lead resistance (most common) | ±0.1~0.5°C | Standard for industrial applications |
| 4-Wire | Eliminates lead resistance entirely | ±0.01~0.05°C | Lab-grade precision measurements |
| Parameter | PT100 | PT1000 | Cu50 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance @0°C | 100Ω | 1000Ω | 50Ω |
| Sensitivity | 0.385Ω/°C | 3.85Ω/°C | 0.214Ω/°C |
| Cost | Medium (¥80-300) | High (¥150-500) | Low (¥30-100) |
graph TD A[Measure >250°C?] -->|Yes| B[Choose PT100/PT1000] A -->|No| C{Budget limited?} C -->|Yes| D[Choose Cu50/Ni1000] C -->|No| E{Need high accuracy?} E -->|Yes| F[Choose 4-wire PT100] E -->|No| G[Choose 3-wire PT100]
Oil & Gas: Sheathed PT100 (explosion-proof), 3-wire, pipeline monitoring
Food/Pharma: Thin-film PT100 (sanitary grade), rapid sterilization temp tracking
Power Systems: Wire-wound Cu50, transformer oil temperature monitoring
Smart Home: Thin-film Ni1000, low-cost thermostats
Self-Heating: Keep PT1000 current <1mA to avoid self-heating errors
Installation: Avoid bending thin-film types (may damage platinum layer)
Calibration: Industrial PT100s should be calibrated annually
Industry Trend: Thin-film PT1000s are gaining popularity in IoT devices due to their compact size and high precision.
